THE TOXIC EFFECT OF HYPERGLYCAEMIA IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF SELECTED CHRONIC COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS: A MINI-REVIEW

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases that, due to the long-term pathological effect hyperglycaemia on tissues, lead development typical chronic organ complications. Chronic leads increased activity polyol pathway with subsequent accumulation sorbitol and fructose, formation end products advanced glycation, alteration protein kinase C activity, excessive reactive oxygen species associated high level oxidative stress. One most feared complications diabetes vision impairment blindness. In this review, we address important pathways leading diabetic retinopathy cataract, ocular greatest risk loss.